"The wild animals that once left now come back again"

　　Guizhou province enhanced the top-level design and carried out the dynamic monitoring, and finally achieved a result about the biodiversity protection.

　　◆Yu Tianhao

　　Guizhou has multitudinous mountains and a maze of river networks. In addition to the marine ecosystem, there are multiple ecosystems aboveground, but underground, there exists a karst world. This magical land is also the paradise where many animals and plants live. The gray snub-nosed monkey, francois's leaf monkey, cathaya argyrophylla, abies fanjingshanensis, kmeria septentrionalis dandy and other peculiar plants and animals have become the "business cards" of Guizhou.

　　At the recent 2021 Eco Forum Global Guiyang, biodiversity conservation has become a hot topic. From the perspective of "Guizhou", what are the "magic weapons" of biodiversity conservation in Guizhou?

　　The safe and cozy homeland for creatures is built by virtue of the top-level design

　　An tufted deer, one of the national second-class protected species, is feeding its baby deer, a wild boar are foraging with a group of its babies, and a leopard cat, one of the national second-class protected species, is passing by in the night...

　　These images are all scenes captured by infrared cameras in the Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve.

　　"Thanks to nearly 30 years of protection, the ecology of the reserve has restored, and many wild animals that once left our sight have returned now." Mu Jun, the deputy director of the Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve Administration, Zunyi, said to the media.

　　The ecological stability of Chishui Alsophila spinulosa is improving, which is a concrete embodiment of the improvement of the biodiversity conservation pattern in Guizhou. Surrounding areas with rich biodiversity such as the Wuling Mountains and Miaoling Mountains, Guizhou has built a network of nature protected areas of various types and levels, such as natural reserves, scenic spots, forest parks, and wetland parks, etc.

　　At present, more than 90% of the natural ecosystems and more than 85% of wild animals and plants in the whole province have gained effective protection by means of the construction of nature protected areas. In the meanwhile, the endangered rare animals and plants have been well protected via the establishment of botanical gardens, zoos, and various resource pools.

　　Welcome to Guizhou as a guest and have a sip of "Duyun Maojian" tea, which has a faint and delicate fragrance, and the taste is pure and refreshing. The tea aroma in Guizhou wafts thousands of miles away and also attracts numerous tourists.

　　Now, there are nearly 1.2 million ancient tea trees of over a hundred years old in Guizhou, of which there are 50 relatively concentrated and contiguous ancient tea gardens with over 1,000 trees; There are more than 150,000 ancient tea trees of over 200 years old, and the largest ancient tea tree has a diameter of 180 cm, which is rarely seen nationally.

　　For these precious plant resources, Guizhou has issued the Regulations on the Protection of Ancient Tea Trees in Guizhou Province, which is in order to confirm the subjects, clarify rights and responsibilities and make detailed mandatory regulations for activities such as protection, management, research, and utilization, etc. This is also the first legislation on ancient tea trees at the provincial level in China.

　　Not only ancient tea trees, but also a series of institutional norms for biodiversity protection have been rolled out in succession. Laws and regulations such as the Detailed Regulations on the Implementation of the Management Measures for Forest and Wildlife Natural Reserves in Guizhou Province, and the Regulations on the Adjustment and Management of Local Level Nature Reserves in Guizhou Province, will gradually standardize the construction and management of nature protected areas.

　　Enhance the scientific research monitoring and build a management platform

　　There is a pair of "eyes" providing the all-weather guard for the exuberant nature protected areas as well as monitoring against the illegal activities in the areas.

　　"We now have preliminarily established a monitoring system with 'the integration of sky and land' for the nature protected areas. Human activities can be monitored by means of 'high-resolution satellite + drone' remote sensing and artificial ground verification." The Guizhou Department of Ecology and Environment Natural Ecological Protection Division Hou Wei introduced.

　　This means that illegal activities that destroy the nature protected areas will be identified by the "Green Shield" monitoring system, and the satellites, drones, and even the staff's on-site inspections are all the "pairs of eyes", which are always paying attention to the "disharmonious" pictures in the reserves. Since the launch of the "Green Shield" actions, through work division of departments, on-site review and supervision of rectification, the problems discovered have been promoted for rectification and ecological restoration.

　　In the Guanshanhu District of Guiyang City, a platform with the integration of "Big Ecology + Big Data" has been built to form a "One Picture" of the entire ecological environment, wherein, there is also a special biodiversity module. The current base of biodiversity has been entered by means of big data and high technology to systematically establish a species pool of Guanshanhu District and normalize the implementation of dynamic monitoring for biodiversity conservation.

　　Various and abundant species that promotes the transformation of "Two Mountains"

　　Unique natural conditions give birth to special biological species, and Guizhou people set their wits to change the barren mountains by the unique species, which has become the visible wealth.

　　Guizhou Chishui is now an important production area of Harba Dendrolii Nobilis, and farmers here do not compete for the lands but the "stones." The barren mountains and stones that were not developed before now have become "sweet pastries", because they are a superexcellent habitat for the dendrobium nobile to live and breed.

　　The unused barren mountains and lands suddenly turned into a green area, and the red flowers of Harba Dendrolii Nobilis were now blooming on the waste stones that nobody cared about before.

　　The environment has improved, and the farmers' lives are becoming better and better. Through the "Happiness Project" Dendrobium planting technology training classes, Chishui government allowed local farmers to learn the dendrobium nobile planting techniques. Harba Dendrolii Nobilis has become the major industry, and farmers' incomes is increased by more than RMB 3,000 per year.

　　Chishui not only possesses the dendrobium nobile, but also has ten thousand mu of bamboo sea resources. The bamboo industry here is also prosperous, and the cultivated high-yielding bamboo forests have reached 1 million mu. The bamboo forest not only creates a whole industrial chain integrating production, processing and sales in Chishui, and it achieved an output value of RMB 2.38 billion for paper products enterprises above state designated scale in 2020. Simultaneously, it also attracted a large number of tourists who came for the "bamboo", and drove the tourism to create incomes, and supply plenty of employment posts in scenic spots.

　　Biodiversity is a valuable treasure. Transforming "lucid waters and lush mountains" into "mountains of gold and silver" will not only can produce good ecological benefits, but also generate immense social benefits to promote a virtuous circle.